Blog Amazon Web Services Top 20 AWS VPC Interview Questions and Answers. A: You can view the Amazon side ASN in the virtual gateway page of VPC console and in the response of EC2/DescribeVpnGateways API. Can I use all the IP addresses that I assign to a subnet? The application in your on-premises can connect to the service endpoints in Amazon VPC over AWS Direct Connect. Q: What algorithms does AWS propose when an IKE rekey is needed? Amazon will provide a default ASN for the virtual gateway if you don’t choose one. You have complete control over your virtual networking environment, including selection of your own IP address ranges, creation of subnets, and configuration of route tables and network gateways. Q: Can the Client VPN endpoint belong to a different account from the associated subnet? Q: Does an Accelerated Site-to-Site VPN connection offer two tunnels for high availability? Q. When using the API or the CLI you can specify the Availability Zone for the subnet as you create the subnet. Q: Does AWS Client VPN support security group? A: No, Accelerated Site-to-Site VPN can only by created through AWS Site-to-Site VPN. If your AWS account has a default VPC, any IAM accounts associated with your AWS account use the same default VPC as your AWS account. The NAT gateway or NAT instance allows outbound communication but doesn’t allow machines on the internet to initiate a connection to the privately addressed instances. More details are available in the Amazon EC2 Region and Availability Zone FAQ. Amazon Web Services offers a set of compute services to meet a range of needs. Data transferred between your VPC and datacenter routes over an encrypted VPN connection to help maintain the confidentiality and integrity of data in transit. Do I need to have a VPN connection to use a default VPC? How much do VPC peering connections cost? Can traffic from an EC2-Classic instance travel through the Amazon VPC and egress through the Internet gateway, virtual private gateway, or to peered VPCs? Amazon VPC lets you provision a logically isolated section of the Amazon Web Services (AWS) cloud where you can launch AWS resources in a virtual network that you define. Q. A: AWS Client VPN, including the software client, supports the OpenVPN protocol. You can modify the VPC to add or remove secondary IP ranges and gateways, or add more subnets to IP ranges. Cluster instances are supported in Amazon VPC, however, not all instance types are available in all regions and Availability Zones. A subnet must reside within a single Availability Zone. In addition, ClassicLink cannot be enabled for any VPC that has a route table entry pointing to the 10.0.0.0/8 CIDR space to a target other than "local". AWS announced AWS Outposts, fully managed and … A: You can advertise a maximum of 100 routes to your VPN connection from your customer gateway device. Yes. Is there a limit on how large or small a subnet can be? A: AWS Client VPN supports authentication with Active Directory using AWS Directory Services, Certificate-based authentication, and Federated Authentication using SAML-2.0. A VPC can have both IPv4 and IPv6 CIDR blocks associated to it. A: Yes. You probably want to review the VPC FAQ further. VPC peering connections do not require an Internet Gateway. If you don’t plan on using NAT-T and it is not disabled on your device, we will attempt to establish a tunnel over UDP port 4500. What IP address ranges can I use within my Amazon VPC? Q. For customers with a Japanese billing address, use of AWS services is subject to Japanese Consumption Tax. A: You will not have to make any changes. After selecting an option, you can modify the size and IP address range of the VPC and its subnets. Other that that, Accelerated and non-Accelerated VPN tunnels support the same IP security (IPSec) and internet key exchange (IKE) protocols, and also offer the same bandwidth, tunnel options, routing options, and authentication types. Yes. The Amazon side ASN for your new private VIF/VPN connection is inherited from your existing virtual gateway and defaults to that ASN. Step 2: This is the “VPC … Q: Is there a new API to view the Amazon side ASN? DescribeInstances() will return all running Amazon EC2 instances. Automates AWS Resource … You can use the AWS Management Console to manage IPSec VPN connections, such as AWS Site-to-Site VPN. A: We recommend checking the Amazon VPC forum as other customers may be already using your device. Amazon VPC Create a virtual network in the cloud dedicated to your AWS account where you can launch AWS resources Amazon VPC is the networking layer of Amazon EC2 A VPC spans all … Many SaaS solutions support this feature as well. A: Yes, each VPN connection offers two tunnels for high availability. 1.1.1. What are the benefits of a default VPC? This is applicable only for IPv4. Open the Amazon VPC console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/vpc/. A: Amazon will provide an ASN for the virtual gateway if you don’t choose one. How can I make this change? You can reserve an instance in Amazon VPC when you purchase Reserved Instances. VPC endpoints enable you to privately connect your VPC to services hosted on AWS without requiring an Internet gateway, a NAT device, VPN, or firewall proxies. This will create a new default subnet in the availability zone specified. You can assign secondary private IP addresses when you launch an instance, when you create an Elastic Network Interface, or any time after the instance has been launched or the interface has been created. If you would like to create more, please submit a case at the support center. IT administrators may choose to host the download within their own system. The client supports adding profiles using the OpenVPN configuration file generated by the AWS Client VPN service. AWS Pricing Calculator lets you explore AWS services, and create an estimate for the cost of your use cases on AWS. To request your existing account be setup with a default VPC, please go to Account and Billing -> Service: Account -> Category: Convert EC2 Classic to VPC and raise a request. Q: Can I access resources in a VPC within a different region different from the region in which I setup the TLS session, using a Private IP address? Only one rule is required on the filtering device: Allow traffic inbound to the web server on TCP port 80. Q. EIP addresses should only be used on instances in subnets configured to route their traffic directly to the Internet gateway. Secondary private IP addresses can be assigned, unassigned, or moved between interfaces or instances at any time. A: Establishing a hardware VPN connection between your existing network and Amazon VPC allows you to interact with Amazon EC2 instances within a VPC as if they were within your existing network. A: We currently support 64-bit Windows 10 and macOS (High Sierra, Mojave, and Catalina) desktop devices. You can use this feature to troubleshoot connectivity and security issues and to make sure that the network access rules are working as expected. Customers can create Elastic IPs from the IPv4 space they bring to AWS and use them with EC2 instances, NAT Gateways, and Network Load Balancers. Q: Does AWS Client VPN support mutual authentication? Security Groups within AWS act as a virtual firewall controlling inbound and outbound traffic to AWS resources residing in an Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (VPC). Can I change the private IP addresses of an Amazon EC2 instance while it is running and/or stopped within a VPC? What CloudWatch metrics are available for the interface-based VPC endpoint? Building a new virtual private cloud (VPC) - This template builds a new Multi-AZ, multi-subnet VPC according to AWS best practices. Please visit AWS Marketplace for more SaaS products powered by AWS PrivateLink. AWS VPC is free, with users only paying for the consumption of EC2 resources. Q. Q. Q. Each hop can introduce availability and performance risks. For VPNs on an AWS Transit Gateway, advertised routes come from the route table associated to the VPN attachment. Q: I would like to have multiple customer gateways behind a NAT, what do I need to do to configure that? Yes. You can enjoy features such as changing security group membership on the fly, security group egress filtering, multiple IP addresses, and multiple network interfaces without having to explicitly create a VPC and launch instances in the VPC. Peering connections can be created with VPCs in different regions. Q: How can I configure/assign my ASN to be advertised as Amazon side ASN? If more than 1,000 routes are attempted to be sent, only a subset of 1,000 will be advertised. On-prem IPv6 network policy: Many customers can route only their IPv6 in their on-prem network. Terminating a peering connection means traffic won’t flow between the two VPCs. A: Only Transit Gateway supports Accelerated Site-to-Site VPN. Amazon Web Services – Amazon VPC Connectivity Options Page 7 Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) instances running within an Amazon VPC using private IP addresses. Q: I’m creating multiple VPN connections to a single virtual gateway. The instance will be launched in the Availability Zone associated with the specified subnet. What type of appliances are supported with Amazon VPC traffic mirroring? Q. Security groups in a VPC enable you to specify both inbound and outbound network traffic that is allowed to or from each Amazon EC2 instance. See the VPC User Guide for more information on VPC limits. These appliances can be deployed on an individual EC2 instance or a fleet of instances behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB) with User Datagram Protocol (UDP) listener. Amazon VPC enables you to build a virtual network in the AWS cloud - no VPNs, hardware, or physical data centers required. If you access AWS resources via your VPN connection, you will incur Internet data transfer charges. After June 30th 2018, Amazon will provide an ASN of 64512. A: No, you cannot modify the Amazon side ASN after creation. The very first Amazon VPC best practice is to organize your AWS environment. Q. I use CloudHub today. A: Yes. Yes, however, we can only enable an existing account for a default VPC if you have no EC2-Classic resources for that account in that region. For customers with a Japanese billing address, use of AWS services is subject to Japanese Consumption Tax. See the EC2 User Guide for more information on the number of allowed network interfaces per instance type. You can do this with the same API as before (EC2/CreateVpnGateway). Q. You are initially limited to launching 20 Amazon EC2 instances at any one time and a maximum VPC size of /16 (65,536 IPs). No. Q: Can I use any ASN – public and private? AWS … Q. Yes, you may use Amazon EBS snapshots if they are located in the same region as your VPC. Instances without public IP addresses can route their traffic through a NAT gateway or a NAT instance to access the Internet. Q: Does AWS Client VPN integrate with AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to generate server certificates? Q: What is the approximate maximum packets per second of a Site-to-Site VPN connection? Which resources can be monitored with Amazon VPC traffic mirroring ? Customers can also associate CIDRs to their VPC from the IPv6 space they bring to AWS. A: No, Accelerated Site-to-Site VPN over public Direct Connect virtual interfaces is not available. Refer to the VPC Peering Guide for additional information. Can I use my existing AMIs in Amazon VPC? Get started building with AWS VPN in the AWS Console. See this course and others at Linux Academy: https://linuxacademy.com/amazon-web-services/training/course/name/aws-concepts What is a VPC? Q. Is Inter-Region VPC Peering traffic encrypted? Your BYOIP prefix will show as an IP pool in your account. Network interfaces can only be attached to instances in the same VPC as the interface. Q: What type of client logging will be supported by AWS Client VPN? Q. Currently, the target network is a subnet in your Amazon VPC. Q. Q. Q. How do I secure Amazon EC2 instances running within my VPC? You may want to bring your own IP addresses to AWS for the following reasons: IP Reputation: Many customers consider the reputation of their IP addresses to be a strategic asset and want to use those IPs on AWS with their resources. More information is available in the Amazon EC2 Region and Availability Zone FAQ. A: Amazon assigned the following ASNs: EU West (Dublin) 9059; Asia Pacific (Singapore) 17493 and Asia Pacific (Tokyo) 10124. Q. A: The software client is provided free of charge. Once virtual gateway is configured with Amazon side ASN, the private VIFs or VPN connections created using the virtual gateway will use your Amazon side ASN. These logs are exported periodically at 15 minute intervals. One default subnet is created for each Availability Zone in your default VPC. Once the profile is created, the client will connect to your endpoint based on your settings. Can I use the AWS Management Console to control and manage Amazon VPC? Q: How do I connect a VPC to my corporate datacenter? Q: Where can I download the software client of AWS Client VPN? Q. Q. When you enable ClassicLink on an EC2-Classic instance, the instance retains and uses its existing private IP address to communication with resources in a VPC. Q. We want to protect customers from BGP spoofing. After June 30th 2018, Amazon will provide an ASN of 64512. Network ACLs operate at the subnet level and evaluate traffic entering and exiting a subnet. Q: When should I use AWS Lambda versus Amazon EC2? A: You will need to disable NAT-T on your device. Amazon EC2 offers flexibility, with a wide range of … Q. Q: I already have a virtual gateway and a private VIF/VPN connection configured using an Amazon assigned public ASN of 7224. A: Accelerated Site-to-Site VPN available is currently available in these AWS Regions: US West (Oregon), US West (N. California), US East (Ohio), US East (N. Virginia), South America (Sao Paulo), Middle East (Bahrain), Europe (Stockholm), Europe (Paris), Europe (Milan), Europe (London), Europe (Ireland), Europe (Frankfurt), Canada (Central), Asia Pacific (Tokyo), Asia Pacific (Sydney), Asia Pacific (Singapore), Asia Pacific (Seoul), Asia Pacific (Mumbai), Asia Pacific (Hong Kong), Africa (Cape Town). You can add a VPN connection to your default VPC if you choose. Amazon VPC enables you to build a virtual network in the AWS cloud - no VPNs, hardware, or physical data centers required. for IPv4. Amazon VPC flow logs allow customers to collect, store, and analyze network flow logs. Traffic between two EC2 instances or between an EC2 instance and any AWS regional endpoint in the same AWS Region stays within the AWS network, even when it goes over public IP addresses. The number of secondary private IP addresses you can assign depends on the instance type. Traffic mirroring supports network packet captures at the Elastic Network Interface (ENI) level for EC2 instances. Amazon side ASN for VIF is inherited from the Amazon side ASN of the attached virtual gateway. The following AWS services support this feature: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2), Elastic Load Balancing (ELB), Kinesis Streams, Service Catalog, EC2 Systems Manager, Amazon SNS, and AWS DataSync. Verify that the region you'll use is selected in the navigation bar. Q. Route 53 private DNS can be used to resolve to a private IP address with Inter-Region VPC Peering. Q. AWS Site-to-Site VPN enables you to securely connect your on-premises network or branch office site to your Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC). Q. Customer gateway devices supporting statically-routed VPN connections must be able to: Establish IKE Security Association using Pre-Shared Keys, Establish IPsec Security Associations in Tunnel mode, Utilize the AES 128-bit, 256-bit, 128-bit-GCM-16, or 256-GCM-16 encryption function, Utilize the SHA-1, SHA-2 (256), SHA2 (384) or SHA2 (512) hashing function, Utilize Diffie-Hellman (DH) Perfect Forward Secrecy in "Group 2" mode, or one of the additional DH groups we support, Perform packet fragmentation prior to encryption. Top 20 AWS VPC Interview Questions and Answers. Q: How many IPsec security associations can be established concurrently per tunnel? You can define your own network space, and control how your network and the Amazon EC2 resources inside your network are exposed to the Internet. Q: Can I use a 3rd party OpenVPN client to connect to a Client VPN Endpoint configured with federated authentication? Security groups in a VPC specify which traffic is allowed to or from an Amazon EC2 instance. See the Data Transfer section of the EC2 Pricing page for data transfer rates. The IT administrator distributes the client VPN configuration file to the end users. Is VPC peering traffic within the region encrypted? A: Amazon will assign 64512 to the Amazon side ASN for the new virtual gateway. Primary private IP addresses are retained for the instance's or interface's lifetime. What is the IP range of a default VPC? Q. All other regions were assigned an ASN of 7224; these ASNs are referred as “legacy public ASN” of the region. Q. A: Yes, using the CLI or console, you can view the current active connections for an endpoint and terminate active connections. Click here for more information on AWS support. Q: What logs are supported for AWS Client VPN? If your VPN connection is to a Virtual Private Gateway, aggregated throughput limits would apply. Q: What authentication capabilities does the software client support? You may use a third-party software VPN to create a site to site or remote access VPN connection with your VPC via the Internet gateway. Q. If an Inter-Region peering connection does go down, the traffic will not be routed over the internet. Yes. Q: Does AWS Client VPN support Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA)? You can create a flow log for a VPC, a subnet, or a network interface. You can use the AWS Management Console, AWS EC2 CLI, or the Amazon EC2 API to launch and manage EC2 instances and other AWS resources in a default VPC. The Amazon EC2 console indicates which platforms you can launch instances in for the selected region, and whether you have a default VPC in that region. Can Inter-Region VPC Peering be used with EC2-Classic Link? What is the most specific prefix that I can bring via BYOIP? You can also create a hardware Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection between your corporate datacenter and your VPC and leverage the AWS cloud as an extension of your corporate datacenter. Can I specify which VPC is my default VPC? For a discussion of best design practices for Amazon VPC … Customer whitelisting: BYOIP also enables customers to move workloads that rely on IP address whitelisting to AWS without the need to re-establish the whitelists with new IP addresses. You can assign one or more secondary private IP addresses to an Elastic Network Interface or an EC2 instance in Amazon VPC. How do I assign IP address ranges to Amazon VPCs? A: The IT administrator creates a Client VPN endpoint, associates a target network to that endpoint and sets up the access policies to allow end user connectivity. To launch into nondefault subnets, you can target your launches using the console or the --subnet option from the CLI, API, or SDK. A: In The network administrator guide, you will find a list of the devices meeting the aforementioned requirements, that are known to work with hardware VPN connections, and that will support in the command line tools for automatic generation of configuration files appropriate for your device. Data transferred over VPN connections will be charged at standard AWS Data Transfer rates. The NAT gateway or NAT instance allows outbound communication but doesn’t allow machines on the Internet to initiate a connection to the privately addressed instances. For VPCs with a hardware VPN connection or Direct Connect connection, instances can route their Internet traffic down the virtual private gateway to your existing datacenter. Q: I’m attaching multiple private VIFs to a single virtual gateway. AWS TGW Orchestrator FAQ ¶ What is the AWS TGW Orchestrator? Q: How can I create an Accelerated Site-to-Site VPN? Yes. How do I assign private IP addresses to Amazon EC2 instances within a VPC? A: Yes, assuming that the authentication type defined on the AWS Client VPN endpoint is supported by the standards-based OpenVPN client. Q: Will all the features supported by AWS Client VPN service be supported using the software client? For example, customers who maintain services such as outbound e-mail MTA and have high reputation IPs, can now bring over their IP space and successfully maintain their existing sending success rate. Q. For example, you can create a public-facing subnet for your web servers that have access to the Internet, and place your backend systems such as databases or application servers in a private-facing subnet with no Internet access. A: When a user attempts to connect, the details of the connection setup are logged. Can I use Elastic Network Interfaces as a way to host multiple websites requiring separate IP addresses on a single instance? If I delete my side of a peering connection, will the other side still have access to my VPC? Q: What transport protocols are supported by Client VPN? An Internet gateway is horizontally-scaled, redundant, and highly available. In addition to security groups, network traffic entering and exiting each subnet can be allowed or denied via network Access Control Lists (ACLs). AWS VPN is comprised of two services: AWS Site-to-Site VPN and AWS Client VPN. No. Q: Does Client VPN support Amazon VPC Flow Logs in the endpoint? Q. Can I employ Auto Scaling within Amazon VPC? Am I charged for network bandwidth between instances in different subnets? Q: What tools are available to me to help troubleshoot my Site-to-Site VPN configuration? All rights reserved. This will create a new default VPC in the region. When you create a subnet you must specify the Availability Zone in which to place the subnet. You can expand your existing VPC by adding four (4) secondary IPv4 IP ranges (CIDRs) to your VPC. Whenever we login to our AWS(Amazon Web Services) account a default VPC is created with the CIDR (172.31.0.0/16). Peered VPCs must have non-overlapping IP ranges. Currently you can create 200 subnets per VPC. Q: What are the VPN connectivity options for my VPC? You can bring a maximum of five IP ranges to your account. Q: Can I use Accelerated VPN over public AWS Direct Connect virtual interfaces? Service owners can register their Network Load Balancers to PrivateLink services and provide the services to other AWS customers. Stateless filtering, on the other hand, only examines the source or destination IP address and the destination port, ignoring whether the traffic is a new request or a reply to a request. How does Amazon VPC traffic mirroring work? Q. Q. You can also use the EC2 DescribeAccountAttributes API or CLI to describe your supported platforms. A: No, but IT administrators can provide configuration files for their software client deployment to pre-configure settings. The IPv6 addresses brought over via BYOIP work exactly the same as Amazon-provided IPv6 addresses. Q. There are no additional charges for creating and using the VPC itself. We recommend … How can I tell if my account is configured to use a default VPC? AWS automatically optimizes which instances are charged at the lower Reserved Instance rate to ensure you always pay the lowest amount. Can I attach a network interface in one VPC to an instance in another VPC? Q. Q. Q. Q. Q. Q. Partial hours are billed as full hours. Traffic which is not explicitly allowed to or from an instance is automatically denied. Publicly routable IP blocks are only reachable via the Virtual Private Gateway and cannot be accessed over the Internet through the Internet gateway. Using CloudWatch monitor you can see Ingress and Egress bytes and Active connections for each Client VPN Endpoint. What accounts are enabled for default VPC? Either side of the peering connection can terminate the peering connection at any time. Q: If I have a public ASN, will it work with a private ASN on the AWS side? A: The AWS VPN service is a route-based solution, so when using a route-based configuration you will not run into SA limitations. Q. You can use an Internet gateway to enable Internet access from your VPC and instances in the VPC can communicate with Amazon S3. A VPC VPN in Amazon Web Services is a private connection from your local network, company, to an AWS VPC (Virtual Private Cloud). By. Amazon VPC comprises a variety of objects that will be familiar to customers with existing networks: Q. If you no longer wish to use your VPN connection, you simply terminate the VPN connection to avoid being billed for additional VPN connection-hours. A: You will need to create a new virtual gateway with desired ASN, and create a new VIF with the newly created virtual gateway. In this scenario, ACM also does the server certificate rotation. There is no single point of failure for communication. All other traffic will be routed via your local network interface. You can specify the IP address of one instance at a time when launching the instance. When computing your bill, AWS does not distinguish whether your instance runs in Amazon VPC or standard Amazon EC2. A: By default, then VPN endpoint on AWS side will propose AES-128, SHA-1 and DH group 2. Traffic mirroring encapsulates all copied traffic with VXLAN headers. When you launch an Amazon EC2 instance within a VPC, you may optionally specify the primary private IP address for the instance. Amazon Web Services; Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a wonderful platform you can’t ignore if you seriously want to build a career in cloud technology. You can view the Amazon side ASN with the same EC2/DescribeVpnGateways API. Customers can either use open source tools or choose from a wide-range of monitoring solution available on AWS Marketplace. You need admin access to install the app on both Windows and Mac. Q: I want to select a 32-bit ASN. ClassicLink cannot be enabled for a VPC that has a Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) that is within the 10.0.0.0/8 range, with the exception of 10.0.0.0/16 and 10.1.0.0/16.
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