The high priests before the Exile were, it seems, appointed for life;[6] in fact, from Aaron to the Captivity the number of the high priests was not greater than during the sixty years preceding the fall of the Second Temple. Another difficulty is that the series Amariah-Ahitub-Zadok recurs in identical form among the immediate ancestors of Zadok (I Chron. High priests were appointed and removed with great frequency (see above). 9, § 1 [Ananus]), as well as the fact that in the post-Maccabean period the high priest was looked upon as exercising in all things, political, legal, and sacerdotal, the supreme authority, shows it to be almost certain that the presidency of the Sanhedrin was vested in the high priest (see Isidore Loeb in "R. E. The seven days preceding the Day of Atonement were devoted to preparing for his high function, precautions being taken to prevent any accident that might render him Levitically impure (Yoma i. i. 2-4, 5 (in reference to soiled vestments: the white could be worn only once); l.c. His honor required that he should spend most of his time in the Sanctuary ("Yad", l.c. צָדוֹק, "righteous"), priest in the time of king *David. He could take part in the service whenever he desired ("Yad", l.c. Download our mobile app for on-the-go access to the Jewish Virtual Library, © 1998 - 2021 American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise. The high priest is the chief of all the priests; he should be anointed and invested with the pontifical garments; but if the sacred oil were not obtainable,[15] investiture with the additional garments (see Biblical Data, above) is regarded as sufficient. Zadok (meaning “Righteous”) was a priest descended from Eleazar the son of Aaron which is the anointed line from which all High Priests must descend. 3d ed., ii. Ezekiel 48 speaks of the time of the 1,000-year Kingdom of Messiah, when the tribes (all of them) will be secure in their own inheritance. Lists would be based on various historical sources. Genealogy profile for Zadok HaKohen, The High Priest. They are heard of again in the story of the dynastic struggle in David's last days (I Kings 1–2). In several periods of gentile rule, high priests … J." In several periods of gentile rule, high priests were appointed and removed by kings. There is no information about the following century and a half. After Absalom's death, Zadok and Abiathar acted according to a message sent to them by David requesting them to suggest to the people that the king should be called back (ibid. It seems likely, however, that the reason David made Zadok an equal to Abiathar, who had served him loyally from the time of his break with Saul, is connected with the position occupied by Zadok before he entered the service of David. After Abiathar was expelled, the office returned to the line of Eleazar. The high priest had two sets of holy garments: the "golden garments" detailed above, and a set of white "linen garments" (bigdei ha-bad) which he wore only on the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) (Leviticus 16:4). 22–28, according to whom the Nasi was the high priest, while the Av Beth Din was a Pharisaic tanna). 20 et seq.). Like all of the priests, he had to immerse himself in the ritual bath before vesting and wash his hands and his feet before performing any sacred act. Two high priests must not be appointed together. c) The proper name Ahio in II Samuel 6:3–4 should be read as 'aḥiw, "his [Uzzah's] brother," this nameless brother being Zadok (Sellin, Budde). 2; Tamid 67b; see Rashi ad loc.). Meanwhile, Onias IV had been conveyed by, or had gone with, a number of those who remained loyal to his father's memory to Egypt, where he obtained permission (c. 154 B.C.E.) Previously, in the Israelite religion including the time of the kingdoms of Israel and Judah, other terms were used to designate the leading priests; however, as long as a king was in place, the supreme eccl… But in the course of time, as the Messianic hope, or even the hope of autonomy under foreign (Persian, Greek, Egyptian, or Syrian) suzerainty became weaker, the high priest also became a political chief of the congregation, as much, perhaps, through the consideration shown him by the suzerain powers and their viceroys as through the effect of the increasingly thorough acceptance of the Levitical code by pious Judeans.
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